\(\textit{n}\)-alkanol stress-induced cell envelope injury of \(σ^{E}\) promoter in \(\textit{Escherichia coli}\)

To characterize the cellular stress by n-alkanols with different alkyl chain lengths in Escherichia coli, we investigated how damage cell envelope permeability and whether they enhance promoter activity of response regulator, σE, using variants green fluorescent protein (GFP). By E. coli cells having GFPuv expressing localizing cytoplasm, inner membrane, periplasm, after exposure to n-alkanols, intensity released from was examined. Our data showed that at similar levels death about 90–97%, ethanol, a short-chain alkanol, concentration 20% damaged outer membrane more greatly than whereas longer-chain alkanol pentanol 1.125% both membranes. Then σE factor ratiometric analysis rpoE for downstream expression referenced housekeeping sigma 70 (σ70 ) recognizing lacUV5 red (RFP) expression. The results indicated relative much greater ethanol. degree its sensitization deficiency remarkable treated those suggest plays significant role integrity survival depending on length molecule.